What tests should be done for polycystic ovary syndrome?

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a syndrome of endocrine disorders characterized by infrequent ovulation or anovulation, hyperandrogenism or insulin resistance, and polycystic ovaries. Symptoms include oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, chronic anovulation, infertility, hirsutism and acne. Due to continued anovulation, in severe cases, the endometrium may overproliferate, increasing the risk of endometrial cancer. Requires long-term attention. Once a woman gets this disease, it will be very troublesome. Now I will tell you what examinations should be done for polycystic ovary syndrome?

Diagnosis includes actual examination of typical PCOS, the so-called Stein-Leventhal syndrome. The diagnosis is not difficult, but atypical cases are more common clinically and necessary experimental examinations and ovarian pathology should be performed. Polycystic ovaries? She had heard of this bad reputation before, but she always thought it was an embarrassment that only others would encounter. Could it be a tumor, or maybe a few extra ovaries? Actually, it is not. "Polycystic" only refers to the presence of a few follicles in the ovaries that do not develop normally. We already know that the development, maturation and ovulation of follicles all take place in the ovaries, and the function of the ovaries is controlled by the endocrine system which secretes various hormones, such as androgens, estrogens, insulin, etc. Once the endocrine system is disturbed, the normal development of follicles in the ovaries will be inhibited, and a mature dominant follicle cannot be selected, making ovulation and conception impossible. The follicles that cannot develop normally remain in the ovaries, causing the ovaries to become hard and enlarged, which directly affects women's menstruation and fertility, and various changes in the body occur as a result. This is medically known as "polycystic ovary syndrome."

1. Hormone determination

(i) Gonadotropin: About 75% of patients have elevated LH, normal or decreased PSH, and LH/FSH ≥ 3.

(ii) Steroid hormones

1. Elevated androgens, including testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, and 17-ketosteroids. As SHBG decreases, free androgens increase.

2. The total amount of estrogen can reach 140pg/ml, and androdiol is equivalent to the early follicular level of about 60pg/ml. The increase in extragonadal estrogen production makes E1/E2 ≥1.

3. Increased adrenal DHEAS production, plasma concentration ≥ 3.3 μg/ml, 17-hydroxyprogesterone also increased (normal laparoscopy, to directly observe ovarian morphology or perform biopsy, puncture, wedge resection and electrocautery and other treatments.

2. CT and MRI

To identify and exclude pelvic tumors.

3. Laparotomy

It is performed when an ovarian tumor is suspected or an ovarian wedge resection is to be performed.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a syndrome caused by abnormal feedback regulation mechanism of sex hormones. The cause of the disease is still unclear, but it is currently believed to be the final outcome of persistent ovarian anovulation.

The clinical manifestations are summarized as follows:

1. Post-pubertal hirsutism: such as thick eyebrows, increased hair on the upper lip, arms, lower limbs, vulva and perianal area, or accompanied by masculinization phenomena such as acne and clitoral hypertrophy. This is due to excessive secretion of androgens.

2. Infertility: It usually occurs after menarche and is accompanied by infertility after marriage, due to menstrual disorders and anovulation.

3. Menstrual disorders: mainly amenorrhea, most of which are secondary amenorrhea. Before amenorrhea, there is often infrequent or too little menstruation, and occasionally amenorrhea and menorrhagia alternate.

4. Bilateral ovarian enlargement: about 1-3 times larger than normal ovaries, with thick capsule and tough texture.

5. The basal body temperature is single-phase.

6. Acanthosis nigricans: This is another sign of androgen excess. It often causes gray-brown deposits on the skin of the patient's neck, back, armpits, and groin. The spots are symmetrical and feel like velvet when touched.

Based on the above content, I think everyone has a certain understanding of the symptoms. I hope women will always pay attention to cleanliness, and go to the hospital immediately to ask the doctor if they feel uncomfortable. I hope the above content is useful to you. Women, be nice to yourself.