What are the symptoms of menstruation and menopause?

Menstruation is a normal physiological phenomenon for women of childbearing age. It is like a barometer of women's fertility. Almost all women can judge the timing of childbearing by their menstrual conditions. Although menstruation is important, it does not always accompany women throughout their long lives. As women age, their reproductive systems also gradually age, and menstruation stops, which is also called menopause. Let’s take a look at what are the symptoms of menstruation and menopause?

Signs of menopause

Menopause in women refers to the decline of ovarian function and the cessation of menstruation. Menopause can be divided into natural menopause and artificial menopause. Natural menopause refers to menopause caused by the physiological exhaustion of ovarian follicles. The perimenopausal syndrome or menopausal syndrome is a group of syndromes characterized by autonomic nervous system dysfunction and neuropsychological symptoms caused by fluctuations or decreases in sex hormones before and after menopause in women.

Menopause represents the decline of ovarian function, depletion of estrogen secretion, cessation of menstruation, and termination of reproductive function. It is generally divided into three stages: premenopause, menopause and postmenopause. Menopause is calculated based on the time of a woman's last menstrual period. Most women go through menopause naturally between the ages of 45 and 55.

The sudden and obvious lack of estrogen after menopause can cause some discomfort, and some people may experience it before menopause. It is often manifested by changes in mood and emotions, irritability, excitability, insomnia, anxiety, inner uneasiness, depression, paroxysmal facial flushing, hot flashes, sweating, dry and itchy skin, sometimes a crawling feeling on the skin, loss of skin elasticity, increased wrinkles, gradual muscle relaxation, occasional pain, fatigue or weakness, headache, dizziness and unstable blood pressure, etc. These symptoms are called menopausal syndrome.

1. Recent symptoms

(1) Menstrual disorders

(2) Vasomotor symptoms

(3) Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction

(4) Psychoneural symptoms

2. Long-term symptoms

(1) Urogenital tract symptoms

(2) Osteoporosis

(3) Alzheimer’s disease

(4) Cardiovascular disease