How can polycystic ovary syndrome be diagnosed?

Among female diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome is the most harmful disease to women because it can cause female infertility. Many women also experience cessation of menstruation due to polycystic ovary syndrome. In fact, this disease is caused by endocrine disorders in women's bodies. So, when a woman finds out that she has this disease, how should she check it?

1. Hormone determination

Increased testosterone and/or serum LH/FSH ≥ 2.5-3: About 75% of patients have elevated LH, and the ratio and concentration of blood LH to FSH are abnormal.

2. Imaging examination

(1) Pelvic ultrasound showed enlarged ovaries, with at least 10 follicles with a diameter of 2 to 6 mm in each plane, mainly distributed around the ovarian cortex, with a few scattered in the stroma, and the stroma increased.

(2) Pneumoperitoneum radiographs show that the ovaries on both sides are 2 to 3 times larger. If the main source of androgens is the adrenal glands, the ovaries will be relatively small.

(3) During laparoscopy (or surgery), the ovaries are found to be plump, pale and smooth in surface, with thick capsules, and sometimes a capillary network can be seen underneath. It is commonly known as oyster ovary because of its pearl-like color, and multiple cystic follicles can be seen on the surface.

(4) Transvaginal ultrasound Transvaginal ultrasound can detect polycystic ovary in 100% of cases, while transabdominal ultrasound misses the diagnosis in 30% of patients. For unmarried obese patients, anal ultrasound can be used for detection. It can be seen that one or both ovaries have more than 10 echo-free areas with a diameter of 2 to 9 mm, which are arranged in a wheel shape around the edge of the ovary, which is called the necklace sign. Continuous monitoring showed no signs of development of dominant follicles or ovulation. The ultrasound phase may be normal in some PCOS patients.

(5) Other people with abdominal obesity should have their fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test measured, as well as their fasting insulin and serum insulin after glucose load. Obese patients may have elevated triglycerides.

3. Laparotomy

It is performed when ovarian tumor is suspected or ovarian wedge resection is intended.

In fact, polycystic ovary syndrome can also be prevented and treated at home. It is necessary to exercise every day in daily life, especially for obese women, because one of the causes of polycystic ovary syndrome is obesity. Therefore, many women can get up early every day and jog for an hour while undergoing treatment. This will be more conducive to the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.