Daily care of patients with coronary heart disease

Coronary heart disease is a common cardiovascular disease that seriously affects the health and quality of life of many people around the world. For patients with coronary heart disease, good daily care is essential to help them effectively control the disease, alleviate symptoms, and improve their quality of life. This article will discuss the daily care measures for patients with coronary heart disease, including diet management, exercise management, drug management, regular follow-up and monitoring, and lifestyle management, aiming to provide effective care guidance and suggestions for patients with coronary heart disease and their families.

1. Basic overview of coronary heart disease

Coronary heart disease is a common cardiovascular disease. Its main cause is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, which leads to obstruction or complete blockage of blood flow, thus affecting the blood supply to the heart. This disease often manifests itself in symptoms such as chest pain, angina pectoris, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, it can cause myocardial infarction or even sudden death. Coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is particularly common among the elderly. Early detection and active management of coronary heart disease can effectively reduce the incidence of complications and improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients.

2. Daily care for patients with coronary heart disease

①Diet care

Dietary care for patients with coronary heart disease is very important. In addition to choosing low-fat, low-salt, and low-sugar foods, attention should also be paid to the diversity and balance of the diet. Patients are advised to increase their intake of dietary fiber, including eating more whole grains such as oats, whole wheat bread, and brown rice, as well as fiber-rich foods such as beans, vegetables, and fruits. Dietary fiber helps lower blood lipids and blood sugar, maintain intestinal health, and is very important for the cardiovascular health of patients with coronary heart disease. In addition, attention should also be paid to the choice of fat. Although the intake of saturated fat and trans fat should be reduced, the intake of healthy fats, such as unsaturated fatty acids in vegetable oils and fish oils, should be increased at the same time. Omega-3 fatty acids play a positive role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and improving heart health, so patients are advised to eat foods rich in Omega-3 in moderation, such as fish (such as salmon, cod, mackerel) and flaxseed. In addition, dietary care also needs to pay attention to the control of water intake. At the same time, drinking water in moderation can keep the blood diluted, reduce the burden on the heart, and promote metabolism and detoxification in the body. However, patients should avoid drinking too much water, especially before meals, so as not to increase the burden on the heart and cause adverse reactions such as edema.

②Sports Management

Exercise management for patients with coronary heart disease is a key part and is essential for improving cardiovascular health and controlling the disease. Patients are advised to take appropriate aerobic exercise, such as walking, jogging, swimming or cycling, for at least 150 minutes a week, which helps to improve cardiopulmonary function, promote blood circulation, and lower blood pressure and blood lipids. When exercising, care should be taken to avoid strenuous exercise and excessive fatigue, and avoid high-intensity exercise in extreme climates to avoid increasing the burden on the heart and causing cardiovascular accidents. In addition, regular monitoring of exercise heart rate is also necessary. Controlling the heart rate within a safe range helps to ensure exercise effect and safety. It is recommended that patients undergo regular exercise assessment and guidance under the guidance of a doctor or professional sports instructor, develop a suitable exercise plan, and adjust it according to individual conditions and health conditions to achieve the best exercise effect and health benefits.

③ Medication management

Patients with coronary heart disease should take the drugs prescribed by the doctor on time and in the right dosage, including antiplatelet drugs, beta-blockers, etc. During drug treatment, patients should avoid adjusting the drug dosage or stopping the drug on their own, as this may affect the efficacy and safety. If adverse reactions occur or if there are any questions, patients should consult a doctor in time to adjust or change the drug regimen to ensure the effectiveness and safety of drug treatment. Regular follow-up visits and examinations are also necessary to monitor changes in the condition and the effects of drug treatment to ensure that patients with coronary heart disease receive the best medical management and care.

④Regular follow-up and monitoring

Regular follow-up and monitoring of patients with coronary heart disease can detect changes in the condition in a timely manner and adjust the treatment plan. It is recommended that patients follow up with their doctors regularly to monitor indicators such as blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood sugar, and make necessary adjustments and treatments according to the doctor's advice. In addition, regular review of electrocardiograms, cardiac ultrasound and other examinations can help evaluate cardiovascular function and disease progression, and take timely measures to prevent complications. Patients should also pay attention to observe and record changes in symptoms, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, etc., and report them to their doctors in a timely manner for timely treatment and intervention.

⑤Lifestyle management

Patients should maintain good eating habits, choose low-fat, low-salt, and low-sugar foods, increase the intake of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, avoid overeating and binge eating, and pay attention to the amount of food and food combination. Secondly, regular and moderate aerobic exercise, such as walking, jogging, swimming, etc., at least 150 minutes a week, can help improve cardiopulmonary function and control blood pressure and blood lipids. In addition, tobacco and alcohol intake should be avoided, weight should be controlled, good sleep quality should be maintained, stress and emotions should be effectively managed, and a healthy lifestyle and mentality should be established. Regular follow-up with doctors, taking medications on time, and following the doctor's treatment recommendations are also important parts of lifestyle management.

In short, daily care for coronary heart disease is not just a task, but a commitment and responsibility to health. Through proper diet management, appropriate exercise, standardized medication management, regular follow-up and monitoring, and good lifestyle management, patients with coronary heart disease can better control their condition, alleviate symptoms, and improve their quality of life. We encourage patients with coronary heart disease and their families to work closely together, actively participate in daily care, and work together to move towards a healthy and happy future.

Author: Li Cailian, Danshan Town Central Hospital, Yanjiang District, Ziyang City