Freezing, rain and snow, please keep this "health reminder"

On December 18, Nanjing was hit by moderate to heavy snow. Although everyone was very careful when walking, many people still fell, and some even went to the hospital. Experts remind people to pay attention to skills when walking outside on snowy days, and to pay attention to secondary protection in case of accidental falls to prevent accidents.

Temperature drops rapidly

Three types of people should protect themselves

Experts say that rapid changes in temperature can cause blood pressure fluctuations, put a burden on the heart, and diseased blood vessels contract when exposed to cold, which can easily lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases must strengthen protection, take medication on time, maintain a regular work and rest schedule, keep warm, and monitor their health daily.

During the peak season for respiratory diseases, people with relatively poor resistance should reduce outdoor activities appropriately, add or remove clothes in a timely manner, maintain a balanced diet, and get enough sleep.

In addition, using coal stoves for heating and cooking in a closed room can cause a lot of carbon monoxide to accumulate indoors due to poor ventilation, causing carbon monoxide poisoning. Therefore, do not use a charcoal stove indoors for a long time. If you use a charcoal stove, it is best to use it in a well-ventilated place outdoors. Regularly inspect and repair gas, gas stoves, water heater pressure reducing valves and leather hoses, as well as gas and gas pipelines. If conditions permit, it is recommended to install a carbon monoxide alarm.

Winter is the season when diabetic foot increases. Most patients develop diabetic foot because the water temperature is too high when heating or bathing, causing the feet to be scalded and the skin to ulcerate. Avoid bathing in too high water temperature or for too long.

In addition, due to the dry weather in winter, the skin is more likely to be dehydrated and peeling and cracking. If the wound is not properly treated at this time, it is easy to cause diabetic foot. It is recommended to keep the skin clean and use more moisturizing products.

Penguin walk

It is safer to lie on your side if you fall down

Wang Rui, chief physician of the Department of Orthopedics at Nanjing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, said that walking slowly on snowy days is more effective than walking fast to prevent slipping. When walking, keeping your hands outside is better for balance and preventing falls than putting them in your pockets or hugging them. If you walk on a very slippery snowy road, try to keep your center of gravity on your front foot, which is the so-called "penguin step", and pay attention to leaning forward slightly to make it less likely to fall.

Wang Rui said that many people who fall in the snow will subconsciously use their palms to support the ground. The falling posture of landing on the palm first will cause the whole body weight to be concentrated on the hand. The impact intensity of this fall is enough to cause wrist contusion or even fracture, and it is also easy to cause arm fracture. These two types of fractures are also the top three types of fractures in patients who fall in orthopedic clinics. However, from the perspective of the degree of fracture risk, if everyone still has time to make a brief judgment at the moment of falling, it is better to choose to land on the palm or arm rather than choose to land backwards, so as not to induce sacral, lumbar and craniocerebral injuries. The difficulty of rehabilitation and the degree of injury of these fractures are much greater than wrist fractures and arm fractures.

Wang Rui said that a more favorable protective posture is not to use your hands to support your body when you fall, but to curl up and fall sideways, landing on the ground with your hips and side of the body to relieve the impact of the ground. When falling sideways, it is advisable to roll on the ground to cushion the impact and avoid fractures.

Don't rush to get up after falling down. Avoid hot compresses or kneading.

The weather is cold and the road is icy, which makes it easy to sprain or slip. Many people think that if they don't get up immediately after falling, they will be laughed at by passers-by. This kind of behavior that only cares about face but not substance is not good for health. Wang Rui introduced that the correct first choice is to stay where you are and try to move the part you fell a few times. If there is nothing serious, you can get up slowly. If the pain is unbearable, you may have a fracture, so you must not rub or move it randomly. If conditions permit, use splints, branches or cardboard to fix the injured limbs, and call 120 in time to go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible.

Wang Rui specifically reminded that it is best to go to the orthopedics department for a professional examination within 24 hours of falling, especially for the elderly over 70 years old, who have relatively porous bones and a higher probability of fracture after falling, and must be taken seriously.

In addition, after sprains and slips, many people often take measures such as applying safflower oil, hot compresses, and kneading to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis. Qian Weiqing, chief Chinese medicine doctor of the Department of Orthopedics at Nanjing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, reminds that in fact, this will aggravate subcutaneous capillary bleeding and cause more severe swelling and pain. After an acute injury, you should stop activities immediately, reduce weight, rinse with cold water or apply ice to the injured area within 24 hours to stop bleeding, seek medical attention in time, and do not apply medicated oil on your own. Improper kneading can easily cause fracture displacement, more severe swelling and redness of the injured nerves, and delay the best treatment time. In addition, in winter, the elderly wear more clothes, their body flexibility becomes worse, and they are prone to falling. Once redness and swelling like fermented steamed buns appear, you should be alert to fractures and seek medical attention in time.

Winter is the season when bones are most fragile. Osteoporosis is the direct cause of falls and fractures in the elderly. Even a slight external force can lead to fractures. Qian Weiqing recommends that people should often bask in the sun in winter. In sunny weather, choose a place with less wind. From 9:00 to 16:00, the sun is warm and gentle, and it is not too cold outside. It is especially recommended that the elderly eat more foods containing calcium, vitamin D and protein, such as kelp, carrots, shrimp, dried shrimp, seaweed, milk, tofu, fish, etc.