As the high temperature continues, who are the high-risk groups for heat stroke? How to deal with heat stroke?

Hot summer

The temperature is extremely high

Many friends are worried

It is easy to get "heat stroke" when doing outdoor activities

Who are at risk for heat stroke?

How to prevent and treat heat stroke?

Heat stroke refers to a group of clinical syndromes caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures or physical activity in a hot environment, which leads to a disorder in the body's temperature regulation function. Heat stroke can cause extensive damage to the body and can accumulate in multiple organ systems.

Exertional heat stroke is the most serious type of heat stroke, with an acute onset and rapid progression. Without timely and effective treatment, the mortality rate can be as high as over 50%.

Who are the high-risk groups for heat stroke?

People with weak constitution or weak resistance, such as the elderly, infants, children and patients with chronic diseases are most susceptible to heatstroke.

However, even healthy young people may suffer from heat stroke or even death if they engage in heavy physical labor or strenuous sports in hot weather .

To prevent heat stroke, pay attention to these 3 points

Reduce high temperature work and drink more water

Avoid and reduce heavy physical labor and strenuous activities in hot weather; increase water intake appropriately, and drink small amounts and multiple times. It is not recommended to drink alcoholic or high-sugar beverages, and you should also avoid drinking overly cold frozen drinks.

Pay attention to diet and rest

In summer, eat a light diet, eat less high-fat and high-oil foods, eat more fruits and vegetables, and get enough sleep. Avoid direct exposure to electric fans or air conditioners when sweating a lot or sleeping.

Be prepared when traveling

When outdoors, wear light, loose-fitting, light-colored clothing and apply sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses.

Parents are also reminded not to leave infants or children alone in the car.

Working or exercising in a hot environment

What should I pay attention to?

If you need to do physical labor or strenuous exercise in a high temperature environment, it is recommended to conduct heat acclimatization training first.

Heat acclimatization refers to the body's improved tolerance to heat after training, which is manifested in the gradual improvement of the body's reflex regulation function to heat. Strengthening heat acclimatization training can effectively prevent the occurrence of heat stroke.

Exercise time

Try to avoid playing or training during the hottest time of the day (10:00-16:00); in the early stage of exercise, the exposure temperature should not be too high, about 30 degrees is appropriate, and then gradually transition to exercise in a hotter environment, and sports can be alternated, such as running and playing basketball, for 10 to 12 days in a row, with a large amount of exercise, sweating, and a pulse of 120-140 beats/minute. The exercise time should be 50 minutes to 2 hours. However, if you feel any discomfort, you should stop immediately.

Exercise intensity

The intensity of exercise should be gradual. In the early stages of exercise, it should be arranged reasonably according to physical condition and basic conditions, and the amount of activity should go from light to heavy.

Scientific water supplementation

It is recommended to drink water in small amounts and multiple times. You should replenish water before exercise and regularly replenish water during exercise. You can replenish water every 15-20 minutes. The water temperature should not be too high. If you sweat a lot, you need to supplement salt and minerals. You can also drink sugar water or sports drinks appropriately.

It is worth noting that after exercise, it is even more necessary to consume enough calories and supplement protein, vitamins and calcium.

What should you do if you have heat stroke?

If you suffer from heat stroke, stop activities immediately and rest in a cool, ventilated environment. Take off any excess or tight clothing.

Drug treatment: Give the patient water or sports drinks. You can also take Chinese medicine such as Rendan, Shidishui, and Huoxiangzhengqishui.

Cooling: Place cool wet towels on the patient's head and torso to cool down, or place ice packs on the patient's armpits, neck, and groin.

Medical treatment: If the patient's condition does not improve or even worsens after the above measures, call the emergency number in time and send to the nearest hospital.

Source: "Doctor's Advice", Peking University Third Hospital

Text | Shang Wen (attending physician) and Ge Hongxia (associate chief physician) from the Emergency Department

Picture | From the Internet