There are many blood tests, what diseases can be detected? Teach you how to correctly interpret blood tests

Routine blood test is one of the most basic physical examination items. Many people will have a routine blood test during their physical examination. After all, routine blood test is one of the routine physical examination items in the hospital. When many people hear about blood test, they think it is a more complicated test, which makes people feel scared. But in fact, under normal circumstances, the blood collected in the outpatient clinic is venous blood, or a few drops of blood are collected by pricking a finger. The purpose is to help doctors judge the condition and formulate corresponding treatment plans by observing the changes in the content of several common blood cells and related components in the blood. So what are the specific functions and significance of these examination items? Today, I will introduce them to you, hoping to help you correctly interpret the routine blood test items.

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1. What is a routine blood test?

Routine blood test refers to the counting, detection and analysis of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), platelets (PLT), hemoglobin (HGB) and related data in the blood. Since this item has become a routine practice for examining patients, it is called routine blood test. Routine blood test is the most basic item in human health examination. Its important role is to detect early signs of various diseases, so as to achieve the purpose of "early detection and early treatment".

For example: changes in the number and type of white blood cells are generally caused by infectious diseases; anemia refers to a decrease in the test values ​​of hemoglobin and red blood cells; a decrease in platelets can cause bleeding or be difficult to control, and an increase in platelets can increase the occurrence of thrombosis, etc. In addition, there may be other bacterial infections, hypersplenism, and the need for antiviral treatment.

In addition, currently commonly used antiviral drugs have a certain inhibitory effect on the bone marrow, and interferon has a strong inhibitory effect on the bone marrow, so regular blood tests must be performed before and during antiviral treatment.

Clinically, if the patient has poor concentration, memory loss, pale complexion, fatigue, and lack of exercise, a blood test should be performed in time. In order to ensure the accuracy of the test, a blood test is usually performed on an empty stomach in the morning. At the same time, it is also important to choose light and easily digestible food the day before the physical examination, and avoid eating too much spicy and irritating food to avoid affecting the effect of the examination.

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Routine blood tests are mainly used to exclude and screen for certain causes. Upper respiratory tract infection is the most common disease, and its causes are many, including viral infection and bacterial infection. Generally speaking, when such patients come to the hospital, doctors will ask them to do routine blood tests to see if there is a trend of increasing white blood cell counts in the routine blood tests, because white blood cells are the most sensitive in the human body. If it is a typical bacterial infection, the number of white blood cells will gradually increase and will increase to a certain extent, but for patients with viral infections at the same time, the increase in white blood cells is not obvious, and some may even decrease.

2. Red Blood Cells

Red blood cells are the blood in our human body. When conducting a routine blood test, red blood cells are one of the essential examination items. Their main function is to observe whether the blood is in a normal state and to understand the total amount of blood.

Red blood cells play a very important role, mainly used to transport oxygen and nutrients. If the number of red blood cells decreases, it means that the body is in a state of hypoxia. Therefore, when a decrease in red blood cells is detected, you should be alert to whether hypoxia and other conditions have occurred. In addition, you can also understand whether the red blood cell content in the body is at a normal level. If it is lower than the normal value, you should be alert to whether anemia, hypoxemia and other conditions have occurred.

If the patient's red blood cell content is very high, it may be related to the hematopoietic system. Therefore, when abnormalities are detected, it must be taken seriously and the cause must be identified and treated in time.

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3. Platelets

Platelets are also an item in routine blood tests. It mainly determines whether there is any abnormality by looking at the number and shape of platelets in the blood.

Generally speaking, the number of platelets should not be too high or too low. If the number of platelets is too high, it may be caused by some diseases. If the number of platelets is too low, it may be caused by anemia or leukemia, or it may be caused by aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc.

In addition, if some abnormal hemoglobin appears in the blood, it may also be caused by disease. Therefore, when doing a routine blood test, everyone should also pay attention to whether they have abnormal hemoglobin. If abnormal hemoglobin appears, be sure to go to the hospital for relevant treatment in time.

4. Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is an important component of blood and an important medium for transporting oxygen in human blood. It can also transport nutrients taken in by the human body to various organs and tissues. At the same time, it can also discharge excess carbon dioxide from the body.

If the body lacks hemoglobin, it will lead to insufficient blood oxygen content, which will cause hypoxia and ischemia in various tissues of the body. However, there is a certain difference between hemoglobin and red blood cells. Red blood cells are relatively small and can only transport some oxygen to various parts of the body; while hemoglobin can transport more oxygen to various parts of the body.

By observing hemoglobin, you can understand the condition of red blood cells and blood in the body. If you suffer from anemia and other diseases, you need to go to the hospital for relevant examinations in time and receive symptomatic treatment based on the examination results.

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5. Liver and kidney function

When liver and kidney dysfunction is detected, doctors will recommend patients to do a routine blood test. Because these two test items can reflect the health of the liver and kidneys to a certain extent, doctors will recommend patients to do these tests. According to surveys, many patients with hepatitis can be found out whether they have chronic hepatitis and early cirrhosis through a routine blood test. Therefore, these two test items are very important for diagnosing hepatitis and cirrhosis. In addition, if the kidney and liver function tests are performed, it can also be detected whether the patient has uremia and early uremia.

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In summary, it is very necessary to check the blood routine. Different disease symptoms correspond to different indicators and different values, which will affect the judgment of which diseases may occur at present, as well as the main causes and analysis of these diseases. The blood routine is a relatively important examination item in clinical practice. The entire operation process is relatively simple. Through this examination, it can respond to the patient's pathological changes, thereby providing valuable reference and basis for the diagnosis of clinical diseases. Therefore, it must attract people's attention.