Henan Health Science Popularization丨Beware of insect-borne infectious diseases in summer

According to Dahe.com, insect-borne infectious diseases are a type of infectious disease transmitted by arthropods such as mosquitoes, ticks, mites, lice and fleas, and are transmitted to humans through bites. Common ones include epidemic encephalitis B (hereinafter referred to as JE), dengue fever, malaria, fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, etc., which seriously affect people's lives and health.

The most important measure to prevent insect-borne diseases is to prevent mosquito bites. First of all, mosquito breeding grounds should be removed. Regularly remove stagnant water around the house, clean up garbage in time, and maintain good environmental and indoor hygiene; clean up all kinds of useless stagnant water in the home and surrounding environment, and completely change the water in aquatic plant containers or other stagnant water containers every 5-7 days; keep livestock and poultry houses clean, and regularly carry out residual spraying and other mosquito disinfecting in the livestock houses. At the same time, personal protection should be done well. Pay attention to mosquito killing in the house, use mosquito traps, mosquito swatters or mosquito coils to kill mosquitoes, and close the screen windows and screen doors to prevent mosquitoes; try to wear light-colored long clothes and trousers when going out, tie the collar, cuffs and trouser legs tightly, and wear a hat, and spray mosquito repellent on the outer surface of the clothes and exposed skin; avoid sitting or lying in the grass and bushes for a long time when going out to play, and carefully check the hair, ears, neck, armpits, and seams and folds of clothes for ticks after the play. In addition, vaccination can improve herd immunity. For example, vaccination with Japanese encephalitis vaccine is an effective measure to prevent Japanese encephalitis.

Once a tick is found attached to the skin, it should be removed as soon as possible. You can spray alcohol on the tick to make the tick head loosen or die, and then use clean fine-pointed tweezers to remove the tick. Do not pull it hard to avoid hurting the skin or leaving the tick head in the skin. After removal, use iodine or alcohol for local disinfection and observe the physical condition at any time.

If you feel unwell or suddenly develop fever, fatigue, muscle aches or rashes after being bitten by mosquitoes, it is recommended that you go to a medical institution in time and inform the doctor of your exposure history to prevent the condition from getting worse. (Liu Ying, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention)