How to prevent myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and renal failure caused by high blood pressure? These points are very important.

As people's living standards improve, a "rich disease" - hypertension has become more and more common. Secondary diseases caused by hypertension, such as myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, hypertensive nephropathy, etc., will seriously affect human health and even life. If you have hypertension, how can you prevent complications such as myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction? Let's discuss this issue.

1. Overview of Hypertension Recently, a report on hypertension, the world's largest research on hypertension to date, showed that in the past 30 years, the number of adults aged 30-79 with hypertension has doubled from 650 million to 1.28 billion. In addition, according to the latest "Report on the Nutrition and Chronic Disease Status of Chinese Residents (2020)" released by my country, the prevalence of hypertension among Chinese residents aged 18 and above is 27.5%, with a total number of about 300 million people. The current situation of hypertension prevention and treatment is not optimistic.

Hypertension is divided into primary and secondary. Primary hypertension is an independent disease with elevated blood pressure as the main clinical manifestation and the cause is not yet clear, accounting for more than 90% of all hypertensive patients. It can be caused by factors such as heredity, obesity, and long-term mental stress. Secondary hypertension is also called symptomatic hypertension, which can be caused by diseases such as renal parenchymal disease, renal vascular disease, pheochromocytoma, primary aldosteronism, and hypercortisolism.

There are many factors that can cause hypertension, such as: long-term high-sodium diet, long-term staying up late and overwork, excessive pressure to eat, pheochromocytoma, renal artery stenosis, primary aldosteronism, genetic factors, etc. can all lead to the occurrence of hypertension. It is generally difficult to find the cause of primary hypertension, and it is incurable. It requires lifelong antihypertensive medication for symptomatic treatment; after active treatment of the primary disease of secondary hypertension, blood pressure can gradually return to normal. Once it is confirmed to be hypertension, active symptomatic treatment is required. Because high blood pressure is extremely harmful to the body, patients are advised to monitor blood pressure changes regularly.

2. Hypertension complications Hypertension complications refer to a series of complications caused by hypertension in the case of hypertension in the body. As hypertension progresses, it can cause symptoms such as arteriosclerosis, cerebral hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, and angina pectoris. For example, patients with hypertension often develop coronary atherosclerosis in the heart due to long-term hypertension. If the coronary atherosclerotic plaques suddenly rupture and bleed, a large number of blood clots will form in a short period of time, which will cause myocardial infarction in the patient.

How many years it takes from the diagnosis of hypertension to the development of complications is closely related to the severity of hypertension, the patient's family history, the patient's own physical condition, or the patient's compliance with medication, and the efficacy of treatment. If complications of hypertension occur quickly, they can appear within a few years; if blood pressure is well controlled or medication is taken regularly, some patients may not develop serious complications for decades. For example, for patients with chronic hypertension, complications often take 5 to 10 years to appear.

However, since hypertension is a chronic disease, comprehensive management of blood pressure is required through changes in lifestyle, eating habits, and the use of antihypertensive drugs. Ultimately, blood pressure should be controlled below normal values ​​to reduce the risk of complications.

3. Prevention of hypertension 1. Develop good living habits, starting with healthy diet and healthy lifestyle. Eat regularly, moderately, lightly, at regular times and in fixed quantities, eat less salt, quit smoking and drinking, and increase the intake of fruits and vegetables.

2. Combine work and rest and engage in regular exercise, such as walking, jogging, swimming, Tai Chi, etc.

3. Learn to relax, maintain a good attitude towards work and life, and use various means to relieve psychological stress.

4. Pay more attention to your health and have regular physical examinations. If you find symptoms of high blood pressure, you must actively seek treatment under the guidance of a doctor. Choose appropriate antihypertensive drugs. Even if you have "borderline high blood pressure", you must actively take preventive measures.

Summary: Whether I am giving lectures or writing popular science articles, I always advocate the idea that good health is always the most important. Now that living conditions have improved, people are eating a lot of meat, smoking and drinking every day. These lifestyle habits have brought many health problems, such as the "four highs" - high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high blood lipids, and high uric acid, which have a serious impact on people's health and even lead to premature death. I think we should restrain our lifestyle habits, such as eating a lighter diet, not smoking and drinking, and exercising more. Only in this way can we be healthier and live a happier life!

I’m Dr. Bobo. If you have any health-related questions, you can follow me and send me a private message for consultation. Thank you!