Spontaneous abortion at 7 weeks of pregnancy

An early miscarriage occurs before 12 weeks of pregnancy, and a miscarriage occurs at 7 weeks of pregnancy. There are many factors that lead to this situation. Once it is confirmed, the situation must be clarified, because if some reasons are not effectively resolved, the next pregnancy will face the same outcome, which is definitely something we do not want to see. So, what are the causes of miscarriage at 7 weeks of pregnancy?

1. Chromosomal abnormalities

Including chromosomal abnormalities of the couple and chromosomal abnormalities of the embryo. Common chromosomal abnormalities in couples include balanced translocation, Robertsonian translocation, etc. Among the chromosomal abnormalities in embryos, triploidy is the most common, followed by polyploidy, X monosomy, autosomal monosomy, balanced chromosomal translocation, deletion, mosaicism, inversion, duplication, etc. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in couples with recurrent spontaneous abortion is 4%, while that in the normal population is 0.2%, with the ratio of maternal to paternal abnormalities being 3:1. The main cause of spontaneous abortion is chromosomal abnormality of the embryo. The incidence of chromosomal abnormality of the embryo decreases with the increase of the number of abortions.

2. Maternal endocrine disorders

(1) Luteal insufficiency accounts for 23% to 60%. The basal body temperature is biphasic, but the high temperature phase is less than 11 days, or the high and low temperature difference is less than 0.3℃. Endometrial biopsy shows that the secretory response is at least 2 days late. The progesterone in the luteal phase is lower than 15ng/ml, causing poor decidual reaction of pregnancy. The luteal function test shows insufficiency for 2 to 3 cycles before it can be included in the diagnosis. Luteal insufficiency affects the implantation of the fertilized egg.

(2) The high concentration of luteinizing hormone, high androgen and hyperinsulinemia in polycystic ovary syndrome reduces the quality of eggs and endometrial receptivity, which can easily lead to miscarriage.

(3) Hyperprolactinemia: Prolactin receptors are present in luteal cells. High prolactin inhibits luteinization of granulosa cells and steroid hormones, leading to luteal insufficiency and decreased egg quality.

(4) Thyroid disease: Hypothyroidism is associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

(5) Subclinical diabetes or well-controlled diabetes will not lead to miscarriage, but the spontaneous abortion rate of uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes increases.

3. Abnormalities of the maternal reproductive tract

(1) Uterine malformations include unicornuate uterus, bicornuate uterus, didelphys and uterine septate. Among them, incomplete uterine septate is most likely to lead to miscarriage and premature birth. This is mainly due to the poor development of the endometrium in the mediastinum, insensitivity to steroid hormones and poor blood supply.

(2) In Asherman syndrome, the uterine cavity is reduced in size and the response to steroid hormones is decreased.

(3) Cervical insufficiency causes late miscarriage and premature birth and is the main cause of mid-pregnancy miscarriage.

(4) Uterine fibroids, submucosal fibroids and intramyeliomyomas larger than 5 cm are associated with miscarriage.

4. Reproductive tract infection

Patients with bacterial vaginosis have an increased incidence of miscarriage and premature birth in late pregnancy, and endometritis or cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum can lead to miscarriage.

5. Others

Unhealthy lifestyles are associated with miscarriage. Some scholars have reported that women who smoke more than 14 cigarettes a day have a two-fold increased risk of miscarriage compared to the control group. The effects of alcoholism, excessive caffeine consumption, and environmental factors such as organic solvents and poisons.