The nipple is hard and it hurts when you press it

Nowadays, many female friends do not go for regular gynecological examinations. In this case, if they have some problems, it is difficult to discover them in the first time, especially when they touch their nipples and find that they are hard and there is pain during pressing. If this is the case, they need to be treated in time, as this may be caused by inflammation of their breasts.

(I) Inflammatory breast masses

Breast inflammatory disease is a common disease, and its incidence rate accounts for 1/4 of the breast disease patients in the same period, mostly women of childbearing age. It is divided into specific inflammation and non-specific inflammation.

1. Non-specific inflammatory mass

This is mainly due to the decrease in the body's resistance after childbirth, which creates favorable conditions for the invasion, growth and reproduction of pathogens. Most are caused by pyogenic cocci, including acute mastitis and periductal mastitis.

2. Specific inflammatory masses of the breast

Chronic granulomatous inflammation caused by some biological factors other than microorganisms such as pyogenic cocci, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, fungi, parasites, chemical factors (such as allergens, liquid paraffin, etc.) and physical factors; it is the inflammatory factors of the breast secondary to systemic diseases: such as tuberculosis, fungal diseases, syphilis, etc., which have a long course and slow progression of lesions and have the formation of granuloma-like as their common feature. Although there are many types of diseases, they are rarely seen, including: breast tuberculosis, fungal mastitis, breast actinomycosis, breast filariasis, breast tuberculosis, Wegler's granuloma of the breast, and localized breast infarction.

(ii) Poor breast structure

The disease has a high incidence rate and is one of the most common diseases in women of childbearing age, with the peak incidence occurring around the age of 40. The occurrence and development of this disease are closely related to the state of ovarian endocrine. When the ovarian endocrine system is out of balance, with excessive secretion of estrogen and a relative decrease in progesterone, it not only stimulates breast parenchymal hyperplasia, but also causes irregular budding of the terminal ducts, epithelial hyperplasia, tubular dilatation and cyst formation. The loss of progesterone's inhibitory effect on estrogen also leads to excessive proliferation and collagenization of the interstitial connective tissue and lymphocyte infiltration. It is now believed that this disorder of proliferation and involution is the basis of mammary dysplasia. Breast structural abnormalities mainly include breast tissue hyperplasia, breast adenosis, breast cystic disease, etc.

(III) Breast tumor-like lesions

A type of breast lesion that is neither a tumor nor a structural disorder or inflammation is often seen. It has a tumor-like mass, and some even have a capsule. However, its development is restricted by the body, unlike a tumor, which is not restricted and has no restrictions. However, it is different from an inflammatory mass and does not have clinical manifestations such as redness, swelling, heat, pain, and dysfunction.