Diseases such as kidney stones and gallstones are quite common in life, and not only middle-aged and elderly people suffer from stones, but also many young people. This shows how important it is to protect your health in daily life. Of course, patients suffering from these diseases do not need to be particularly anxious. After all, modern medical technology is still very advanced, and there are very good treatments for these diseases. So, will stones affect menstruation? Stones generally do not have a significant impact on the menstrual cycle. A solid mass formed in the lumen of a duct or cavity of a cavity organ (such as the kidney, ureter, gallbladder or bladder) in the human or animal body. It is mainly found in the gallbladder, bladder, and renal pelvis, and can also be seen in the cavities of the pancreatic duct, salivary duct, etc. Stones are composed of inorganic salts or organic matter. There is usually a core in the stone, which is composed of desquamated epithelial cells, bacterial clumps, parasite eggs or worm bodies, fecal masses or foreign objects, and inorganic salts or organic matter are deposited layer by layer on the core. Due to the different organs affected, the mechanism of stone formation, its composition, shape, texture, and effects on the body are all different. In general, stones can cause obstruction of the lumen, affect the discharge of fluid from the affected organs, and cause symptoms such as pain, bleeding, or secondary infection. Clinical manifestations The clinical manifestations of stones in different locations vary greatly. Stones in the same location may have different clinical manifestations depending on the size of the stones, whether there is secondary infection, etc. The main symptoms of upper urinary tract stones are pain and hematuria. Patients usually present with either gross or microscopic hematuria, the latter being more common. If secondary infection occurs, it may manifest as acute pyelonephritis and pyonephrosis. Severe obstruction caused by bilateral upper urinary tract stones can lead to uremia in patients. The typical symptoms of bladder stones are sudden interruption of urination, pain radiating to the distal urethra and glans penis, accompanied by difficulty urinating and bladder irritation symptoms. Most gallstones have no clinical symptoms. The typical symptom of gallstones is biliary colic, and some may also present as cholecystitis attacks. Some patients may present with Mirrizzi syndrome (cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, cholangitis). If the stones are discharged into the bile duct, they can cause bile duct stones. Patients with bile duct stones may have no clinical symptoms or may present with abdominal pain and jaundice. If bile duct infection is present, symptoms may include fever, abdominal pain and jaundice. In severe cases, shock and mental and neurological symptoms may occur. Some gallstones may also cause an attack of biliary pancreatitis. |
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