There is something hard inside the nipple

There is something hard inside the nipple

Women’s breasts are very important organs. Women need to breastfeed their children after giving birth, so it is very necessary to protect the nipples. Some women find hard objects inside their nipples and are afraid that they may have some serious disease. This may be caused by a tumor in the body. So, what is the hard stuff in the nipple?

Breast fibroadenoma is a benign tumor composed of a mixture of glandular epithelium and fibrous tissue. It is common in young women and is related to an imbalance in sex hormone levels in the patient's body. This disease is also known as adenofibroma and adenoma, which is due to the different degrees of fibrous components and glandular epithelial hyperplasia that make up the tumor. When the tumor is mainly composed of glandular epithelial hyperplasia with fewer fibrous components, it is called fibroadenoma; if fibrous tissue accounts for the majority of the tumor and the glandular duct components are relatively small, it is called adenofibroma; when the tumor tissue is composed of a large number of glandular duct components, it is called adenoma. The above three classifications only differ in pathological morphology. Their clinical manifestations, treatments and prognoses are no different, so they are collectively called fibroadenomas. Breast fibroadenomas are common in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. They are round or oval in shape, clinically 1 to 3 cm in size, and grow slowly, but may grow rapidly during pregnancy or lactation. Fibroadenomas that occur in a very small number during adolescence can rapidly increase in size within a short period of time, with a diameter of up to 8 to 10 cm. These are called giant fibroadenomas and are still benign tumors. It is extremely rare for fibroadenoma to transform into fibrosarcoma or breast cancer, less than 1%.

Causes

The ovaries are functioning vigorously, the estrogen levels are too high, and the regulation is unbalanced. In addition, the patient is sensitive to estrogen. Under the long-term stimulation of estrogen, the breast epithelial tissue and fibrous tissue proliferate excessively, the structure becomes disordered, and a tumor is formed. Since breast fibroadenoma is related to vigorous secretion of sex hormones, it mostly occurs in young women and is rare in women before menstruation or after menopause.

Clinical manifestations

It is mainly a painless breast lump, rarely accompanied by breast pain or nipple discharge. Lumps are often discovered accidentally, while bathing, or during a physical examination. Most lumps are single, but they can also be multiple, or they can be felt in both breasts simultaneously or successively. Most of them are round or oval, with a diameter of 1 to 3 cm, but there are also smaller or larger ones, and occasionally huge ones. The boundaries are clear, the edges are neat, the surface is smooth, elastic, there is no tenderness, the range of motion is large, and there is no adhesion to the skin.

treat

1. Close observation and regular follow-up

Breast fibroadenomas are common benign tumors that rarely become malignant. It develops slowly, has no symptoms, does not affect life and work, and can be closely observed and followed up regularly.

2. Surgical Resection

(1) During the observation process, if you self-examine your breasts or go to the hospital for examination and find that the fibroadenoma tends to grow, or if the color Doppler ultrasound originally showed no blood flow signals in the tumor but now shows a large amount of blood flow signals, it should be surgically removed.

(2) Patients with breast fibroids should undergo fibroadenoma removal before preparing for pregnancy. Cause: a. The occurrence of breast fibroadenoma is related to the increase of estrogen levels. During pregnancy and lactation, as the hormone levels in the body change, the tumor volume can increase rapidly. b. Breast surgery and invasive examinations are not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

(3) Giant fibroadenomas (juvenile fibroadenomas) in adolescents should be considered for surgical removal because of their rapid growth and large size, which squeezes normal breast tissue. The surgery will not have an adverse effect on subsequent pregnancy and breastfeeding.

(4) Those with a family history of breast cancer may consider surgical resection.

3. Minimally invasive breast excision surgery

Select those with a clear diagnosis of breast fibroadenoma (not suitable for breast cancer treatment). Using a vacuum-assisted excision device, under the guidance of breast ultrasound, the tumor is removed by inserting the needle once and making multiple cuts. The incision is only 0.3 cm, with quick recovery and good aesthetic effect. Fibroadenomas rarely recur after complete excision, but they can recur.

prevention

Establish good living and eating habits, avoid and reduce psychological stress factors, and keep a good mood. Control the intake of high-fat, high-calorie foods, and do not take exogenous estrogen indiscriminately. Master the method of breast self-examination and develop the habit of breast self-examination once a month. If you find unexplained breast nodules, you should go to the hospital for diagnosis in time. Actively participate in breast cancer screening.

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