Female to male sex reassignment surgery

Now it is a new society and world, and people have a high level of understanding of sexual concepts. It is no longer a traditional conservative concept. Even young people have more open concepts. Some people think that being a woman is too tiring, so they choose to become men. You must know that there are many precautions during the sex reassignment surgery.

With the continuous development of modern plastic surgery technology, people's requirements for surgical results are constantly increasing. Based on morphological and anatomical research and combined with clinical practice, we believe that the basic requirements of modern male-to-female sex reassignment surgery should be: 1. The reconstructed female vulva is vivid and lifelike; 2. The vagina has sufficient depth and width after surgery; 3. The clitoris and vagina have sensitive sexual sensory functions; 4. The breasts are natural in shape, harmonious and symmetrical; 5. The Adam's apple and beard disappear, and the craniofacial contours are feminine; 6. The postoperative scars are small and hidden; 7. There are no postoperative complications; 8. The patient's physiology and psychology are completely unified after surgery, and she can successfully live, work and study as a female.

It mainly includes: penis and testicle removal, urethral displacement, artificial vaginal shaping and additional surgeries and therapies such as breast augmentation and rhinoplasty, chin surgery, zygomatic surgery and other facial bone feminization surgeries, thyroid cartilage reduction and shaping, voice adjustment, electrolysis or surgical hair removal. Of course, not all of the above surgeries need to be performed on every patient, and usually a few are selected based on actual conditions.

1. Penile and testicular removal, urethral displacement, artificial vagina and vulvaplasty: The patient takes the lithotomy position and the operation is performed under general anesthesia or epidural anesthesia. ⑴ Suprapubic bladder puncture and fistula creation, connected to a sterile urine bag, and a urethral catheter inserted. ⑵Formation of scrotal and penile skin flaps. ⑶ Orchiectomy and epididymis. The bilateral testicles and epididymis were separated and removed. ⑷Separate the corpus spongiosum and retain a sufficient length of urethra for repositioning. ⑸ Reconstruct the clitoris using the island-shaped glans tissue flap that retains the nerve and blood vessel pedicle. ⑹ Corpus cavernosum removal. ⑺Vaginal reconstruction. ⑻Reconstruction and shaping of female vulva. ⑼ Fill the vagina with iodoform gauze and shape the surgical area with dressing.

2. Breast augmentation and silicone implant surgery: Male-to-female transsexuals have less breast tissue and a wider chest, so larger breast implants are generally used. The incision is designed in the anterior axillary fold to conceal the postoperative scar. The prosthesis is implanted under the pectoralis major muscle. The surgical steps are basically the same as those for female breast augmentation.

3. Facial contour feminization surgery: After the overall design of the whole face, the following operations are performed step by step: forehead plastic surgery, rhinoplasty, chin plastic surgery, zygomatic and cheek plastic surgery, and other feminization surgeries of facial bones and soft tissues.

4. Thyroid cartilage reduction and plasty: Design an incision at the transverse line of the skin on the neck at the base of the jaw, separate the skin subcutaneously, fully expose the thyroid cartilage, reveal the most prominent part of the thyroid cartilage wing plates on both sides in the middle of the front neck (i.e., Adam's apple), remove it, and suture the incision in layers.