What causes uterine bleeding?

A woman’s uterus may have many problems, such as bacterial infection or some diseases in the uterus, which can cause uterine bleeding. Therefore, uterine bleeding can be mild or severe. It may be caused by some minor infections or it may be a factor of serious diseases. Therefore, it needs to be taken seriously. Finding the cause is the most important thing. So what are the common causes?

First, functional bleeding

Abnormal uterine bleeding may be excessive, insufficient, frequent, irregular, or postmenopausal bleeding. Among women with abnormal bleeding, approximately 25% are caused by organic diseases. The remaining 75% is caused by hormonal disorders that affect the regulation of the reproductive system. These hormones are produced by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland and are common in women of childbearing age. This type of bleeding is called dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Vaginal bleeding before puberty and after menopause is abnormal bleeding.

In medicine, abnormal uterine bleeding that occurs without organic lesions in the whole body or reproductive organs is called dysfunctional uterine bleeding, often referred to as functional uterine bleeding. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is divided into two categories: ovulatory functional uterine bleeding and anovulatory functional uterine bleeding. Anovulatory functional uterine bleeding is the most common, accounting for about 85%. Women can experience functional uterine bleeding from the beginning of menarche to the end of menopause. According to reports, functional uterine bleeding accounts for 20% during adolescence, 30% during the reproductive period, and 50% before menopause.

Second, organic diseases

Vaginal bleeding: Vaginal bleeding can be caused by injury to the vulva or vagina, sexual abuse, vaginitis (including infection caused by foreign bodies), uterine infection, or blood diseases with abnormal coagulation, such as leukemia and thrombocytopenia. In addition, cancer and benign tumors, such as uterine fibroids, uterine adenomas, and ovarian tumors with hormone-secreting functions, can also cause vaginal bleeding. Sometimes urethral prolapse can also cause bleeding.

3. Caused by vaginal diseases

Vaginal diseases, such as vaginal tumors, may cause irregular vaginal bleeding when the surface of the vaginal wall tumor may become necrotic due to infection, but the amount of bleeding is generally not large.

Third, six common reasons

Reason 1: Many women often miss one or two pills or stop taking the medicine without authorization when taking oral medication, which can cause the endometrium to peel off and cause bleeding. This can also happen if you stop taking hormones to regulate menstruation or treat bleeding without authorization. Therefore, when women take contraceptives, it is best to take them under the guidance of a doctor to avoid harm to their health.

Reason 2: Fibroids in the myometrium can enlarge due to deformation of the uterine cavity, and the increase in endometrial area can cause excessive menstruation and prolonged bleeding. Fibroids hinder uterine contraction or affect blood circulation, causing chronic pelvic congestion, which in turn causes continuous uterine bleeding.

Reason 3: Uterine fibroids combined with endometrial hyperplasia or polyp formation without ovulation in the ovaries lead to excessive menstruation. If combined with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, it will cause congestion and increase menstrual volume.

Reason 4: Benign tumors are also one of the causes of uterine bleeding, especially fibroids with protruding lumps in the uterine cavity and endometrial polyps. Because these lumps either have rich blood vessels on the surface, or the endometrium covering them has thick blood vessels, and these blood vessels are generated cyclically, they are prone to bleeding.

Reason 5: Submucosal fibroids may cause excessive menstruation, frequent menstruation, continuous menstrual bleeding and irregular bleeding due to the increase of mucosal area, surface ulcers and infection, local congestion, etc.

Reason 6: Irregular menstruation during menopause.