What is the cause of follicular cysts

There are many causes of follicular cysts, including physiological and pathological reasons. Generally, there are no conscious symptoms and they are only discovered through some gynecological examinations or cesarean sections. Some of them can also cause rapid endometrial hyperplasia and postmenopausal vaginal bleeding symptoms.

1. Causes

The causes of follicular cysts involve both physiological and pathological aspects. The occurrence of cystic follicles and follicular cysts is due to: ① dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis; ② thickening of the ovarian tunica albuginea and obstruction of follicle rupture; ③ the fetus and newborn are affected by hormones secreted by the placenta and maternal hormones.

2. Clinical manifestations

Follicular cysts generally have no symptoms and are discovered accidentally during gynecological examination or cesarean section. The cyst will be absorbed and disappear naturally after 4 to 6 weeks. In some individual cases, the continued secretion of estrogen by the follicles causes excessive endometrial hyperplasia and postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, which may cause pseudo-precocious puberty in young girls.

3. Differential Diagnosis

1. Cystic granulosa cell tumor

Cystic granular cell tumor is composed of a single granular cell, which is in a proliferative state and has easily visible nuclear division, which is significantly different from the degenerative changes of the cells in this disease.

2. Cystic corpus luteum pregnancy

Granulosa cells and theca cells are significantly luteinized, with yellow rosette-like structures preserved at the edges, which are caused by pregnancy and are different from the luteinization of follicular cysts.

IV. Treatment

1. Clinically asymptomatic

No special treatment is required, and regular follow-up is sufficient.

2. Surgery

Ovarian cyst removal can be performed for patients with obvious symptoms. If the cyst ruptures or twists, causing acute abdomen, unilateral adnexectomy may be performed.

3. Children with precocious puberty

It is caused by excessive secretion of central gonadotropin and should be treated with drugs.

4. Interventional treatment

It is an emerging discipline developed in recent years. It is a minimally invasive treatment using modern high-tech means. That is, under the guidance of imaging equipment, special instruments are placed in the body to operate outside the body to treat lesions in the body. Therefore, it has the characteristics of no surgery, little damage, quick recovery and good effect.