Female internal organs location map

There are many differences between women's bodies and men's bodies, among which breasts are the most obvious difference. Because women need to pass on their genes, breasts, as the place to produce and store baby's "grains", are undoubtedly the key organs of human reproduction. The abdomen of men and women is not much different. In the treatment of many diseases, men and women are the same. In today's article, I will use human anatomy diagrams to introduce it to everyone, so that everyone can better understand their own body.

The human breast structure is divided into inner and outer positions. It is mainly composed of mammary gland and other muscle tissues. For human women, how to protect breasts is an important issue. For example, preventing various breast diseases and timely examination are all important steps. Breasts also have aesthetic significance, and the creation of body art is based on the physical condition of this organ. In systemic anatomy, breasts belong to the female reproductive system. The female breast is located on the pectoralis major muscle, generally extending from the second rib to the sixth rib, medially to the side line of the shoulder blade, and on both sides to the mid-axillary line.

The breast can be said to be a structure unique to mammals. The development of human breasts begins after puberty, and the breasts are active during pregnancy and lactation.

Next, I will talk about the anatomy of the abdomen.

The human abdomen is the part of the human body between the pelvis and the chest. In human anatomy, the abdomen extends from the diaphragm at the bottom of the chest to the true and false pelvic boundary of the pelvis.

There are many organs inside the human body, and each organ plays a necessary function. Let's take a look at the abdominal anatomy diagram and pictures below.

The human anatomy diagram can clearly show the location and shape of each human organ. In addition, the human anatomy diagram is an analysis of the human body structure from the scope of human anatomy based on the human anatomical posture. In order to express the shapes, positions and internal connections of various parts and structures of the body, it is necessary to first establish a standard posture. When describing all postures, this standard posture shall be used as the standard.

We have briefly understood the structure of the female chest and the internal structure of the abdomen from the detailed introduction in the previous article. Next, we will explain in detail the anatomical diagram of the breast and abdomen.

The breast is located in the upper abdomen of mammals. In most cases, it refers specifically to the breasts of human females. For most mammals, breasts are the organs that female mammals use to raise their young; for humans, developing breasts are one of women's secondary sexual characteristics. Male mammals (including human men) have breast tissue such as mammary glands when they are infants, but they do not develop during the growth stage of the infant stage.

Women's breasts are important reproductive organs for women and occupy a key position in sexual activities. In women, it is not only an aspect of women's physical fitness, but also a sexual sensitive area. When a man touches the breasts, it can arouse the lust of the woman. Breasts and nipples are rich in nerve endings, and stimulating female breasts can cause sexual excitement. For men, women's breasts have an eternal allure.

The retroperitoneum is the largest and most complex serous membrane in the body. It is composed of mesothelium and a small amount of connective tissue. It is thin, smooth and transparent. The retroperitoneum lining the inner surface of the abdominal and pelvic walls is called the parietal peritoneum or the parietal layer of the retroperitoneum; the part covering the surface of the abdominal and pelvic visceral organs is called the visceral peritoneum or the visceral layer of the retroperitoneum. The visceral retroperitoneum and the parietal retroperitoneum continue and migrate with each other, forming an irregular and irreversible cavity, which is called the peritoneal cavity. The male peritoneal cavity is a closed cavity; the female peritoneal cavity communicates with the outside through the bilateral fallopian tube abdominal openings, bilateral fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina. The retroperitoneum is relatively thick, and there is a layer of loose connective tissue between the abdominal and pelvic walls, which is called the retroperitoneal tissue. There is more fat in the retroperitoneal tissue under the posterior abdominal wall and anterior abdominal wall. The visceral retroperitoneum is closely attached to the surface of the internal organs and can be considered as a part of the human organs in terms of both tissue structure and function. For example, the outermost serous membrane of the stomach and intestinal cavity is the visceral retroperitoneum.

Under normal circumstances, a small amount of slurry (100-200 ml) is produced retroperitoneally, which plays a role in lubricating and reducing friction between internal organs. The retroperitoneum also has absorption capacity and can absorb fluid and air in the peritoneal cavity. The absorption capacity of the retroperitoneum in the upper abdomen is stronger than that in the lower abdomen. Therefore, patients with abdominal inflammation or surgery often take a semi-recumbent position to allow harmful fluids to flow to the lower abdomen, thereby facilitating the absorption of harmful substances by the retroperitoneum. There are many macrophages in the retroperitoneum and peritoneal plasma, which play a defensive role. The retroperitoneum also has a strong repair and remodeling ability. The adhesion effect of cellulose in the secreted plasma can promote wound healing and limit inflammation. However, if the surgical operation is rough, this effect can also cause complications such as intestinal fibrous adhesions. The tendons, mesentery and other structures formed behind the peritoneum also have the function of stabilizing and supporting internal organs. In short, the retroperitoneum has a variety of functions such as metabolism, absorption, protection, application, and repair.

Relationship between the retroperitoneum and the abdominal and pelvic visceral organs

According to the different sizes of the internal organs covered by the retroperitoneum, the abdominal and pelvic internal organs can be divided into three categories, namely, intra-abdominal organs, inter-retroperitoneal organs and extra-retroperitoneal organs.

(I) Retroperitoneal human organs

It refers to all human organs that protrude into the peritoneal cavity and are covered by the retroperitoneum on all sides, such as the stomach, upper end of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, spleen, uterus and ovaries, and bilateral fallopian tubes.

(II) Retroperitoneal interstitial human organs

It refers to the vast majority of human organs that are covered by the retroperitoneum, with only a small part not covered by the retroperitoneum, such as the liver, gallbladder, ascending colon, descending colon, upper duodenum, uterus, bladder, etc.

3. Retroperitoneal extracorporeal human organs

It means that only one side is covered by the retroperitoneum, and the other sides do not cover the organs behind the peritoneum, such as the kidneys, kidneys, urethra, pancreas, descending and lower part of the duodenum, and the lower end of the duodenum.

Understand the relationship between visceral organs and the retroperitoneum, there are important clinical manifestations, such as organs located in the retroperitoneum, if surgery must be performed through the peritoneal cavity. However, retroperitoneal organs such as the kidney and urethra can be operated on without opening the peritoneal cavity, thus avoiding peritoneal infection or postoperative adhesion.