What is the cause of urethral swelling in women

I often feel uncomfortable when going to the toilet, sometimes I feel hot in the urine, sometimes I feel pain in the urethra and I often want to go to the toilet. In fact, if there are no other interference factors, these are mostly caused by inflammatory infection, including factors such as not liking to drink water, having the habit of holding urine, and poor physical condition, which are the main reasons for problems in the urethral system.

There are many causes of urinary tract infection in women, mainly including drinking less water, holding urine, poor physical condition, etc. If the cause of female urinary tract infection is not clearly understood, it will have an adverse impact on their medical treatment and even treatment. This issue of Expert Viewpoint specially invites Yan Wei to analyze the causes of female urinary tract infections in detail.

(1) The disease is most common in women because the female urethra is shorter and wider than the male urethra, making it easier for bacteria to enter. The female urethra opening is close to the vagina and anus. There are a large number of bacteria around both the vagina and the anus, so it is easy to get urinary tract infection. Secondly, urinary tract infection is easy to occur during the menstrual period, and sexual intercourse can easily push bacteria from the urethra into the bladder and cause the disease.

(2) Drinking less water, working too hard, holding urine, having poor physical fitness and frequent colds can easily induce urinary tract infections.

(3) Causes such as urinary stones, tumors, and urinary tract stenosis can easily lead to poor urine flow, making it difficult for bacteria to be discharged from the bladder and multiplying in large numbers. The use of urinary tract instruments can not only bring bacteria into the urinary tract but also easily damage the urinary tract mucosa and cause infection.

(4) Patients with diabetes, indwelling urinary catheters, and urinary tract malformations are prone to infection. For female patients with recurrent urinary tract infections, their partners should also be checked for prostatitis, urinary tract infections and other diseases, and it is recommended that couples treat the disease together.

Urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women are due to decreased estrogen levels. Estrogen maintains proper glucose storage in the vaginal epithelium and supplies the growth of lactobacilli, which can maintain a normal vaginal pH value at 4.5 or lower, thereby reducing or inhibiting pathogenic bacteria around the urethral opening, thereby reducing the incidence of urinary tract infections in women. Decreased estrogen levels reduce these protective effects.

There are many causes of urinary tract infections in women. Especially in daily life, we must prevent many diseases and pay attention to drinking more water to help excrete bacteria. Menopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections should first see a gynecologist. If there are no contraindications, in addition to antibiotics, local or systemic estrogen supplementation can be used, which is more effective and can especially reduce the recurrence rate.