What are the harms of frequent miscarriage?

Nowadays people's minds are much more open, and many people do not protect themselves enough, which leads to multiple miscarriages. In fact, the consequences of this are still very serious. Even though abortion surgery is more advanced now, no matter what method is used, it cannot avoid harm to our health. We must be aware of the harm caused. So, what harm can frequent miscarriage cause? Let’s take a closer look below.

Immune factors

Immune factors refer to the fact that the mother and fetus are in a state of allogeneic relationship in the early stages of pregnancy. Under normal circumstances, due to the placental barrier phenomenon between the fetus and the mother, the pregnancy can continue without rejection. If there are some abnormal factors in the immune system, the antibodies produced by the mother may cause immune rejection.

There are two concepts of the placental barrier, one is the physical dividing effect, and the other is the chemical dividing effect. In fact, it is very rare that the mother and the fetus have the same blood type and tissue matching. The reason why the baby can be delivered successfully is because of the integrity of this barrier. Once this barrier is destroyed, immune rejection reaction will definitely occur.

Endocrine factors

Miscarriage caused by infection is often a one-time occurrence and not a habitual one. It is a miscarriage factor but is often not a common factor in recurrent miscarriage. Endocrine factors are a factor in recurrent miscarriage. Most clinicians or patients who have undergone pregnancy preservation treatment use endocrine methods to preserve pregnancy (such as progesterone injections). This type of cause is not common in clinical practice. There are probably the following types of diseases caused by endocrine factors. Of course, after endocrine disorders, the maternal environment is not suitable for fetal growth.

1. Luteal phase insufficiency (LPD): High concentrations of progesterone can prevent uterine contractions and keep the pregnant uterus relatively static.

2. Insufficient progesterone secretion: It can cause adverse decidual reaction during pregnancy, affect the implantation and development of the fertilized eggs, and lead to miscarriage.

3. Polycystic ovary syndrome: The incidence of miscarriage in habitual miscarriage is as high as 58%.

4. Hyperprolactinemia: High prolactin can directly inhibit the proliferation and function of luteal granulosa cells.

5. Thyroid disease: There is a high recurrence rate of miscarriage in women with positive thyroid autoantibodies.

Blood type incompatibility between mother and baby

Blood type incompatibility between mother and fetus is one of the causes of recurrent miscarriage. There are two main types of blood type incompatibility between mother and child: ABO type and Rh type. Once pregnant, the couple should have a blood type test before delivery. If the husband is type A, B or AB and the pregnant woman is type O, there is a possibility of ABO blood type incompatibility. If the husband is Rh positive and the pregnant woman is Rh negative, there is a possibility of Rh blood type incompatibility. Childbirth allows the mother to produce antibodies to the fetus's blood. The first pregnancy has little effect on the fetus. The more births there are, the greater the possibility of the fetus and newborn becoming ill. Therefore, the disease often occurs after the second birth. This type of blood incompatibility is a serious condition, with common symptoms including miscarriage, stillbirth, and severe neonatal hemolytic jaundice.

Uterine factors

1. Uterine malformation: accounts for 12%-15% of miscarriages. Among them, uterus septate is the most common.

2. Uterine fibroids: The incidence of submucosal uterine fibroids is relatively high.

3. Cervical insufficiency: Cervical insufficiency accounts for 3%-5% of miscarriage

4. Intrauterine adhesion: mainly caused by abortion and uterine cleaning. 14%-40% can lead to miscarriage.

5. Endometriosis: the average rate is 33%. Patients with endometriosis often have luteal insufficiency, which can also lead to an increased rate of miscarriage.

Genetic factors

There is currently no effective medical treatment for chromosomal abnormalities in both parents and in the embryo.

Abnormal semen

Semen abnormalities can directly or indirectly cause recurrent miscarriage, with the incidences of oligospermia and polyspermia being 37.6% and 20%, respectively. An increase in abnormal sperm can also cause recurrent miscarriage.

other

1. Chronic wasting diseases: tuberculosis and malignant tumors lead to early miscarriage; high fever leads to uterine contraction; anemia and heart disease lead to hypoxia of the fetal placental unit; chronic nephritis and hypertension can cause placental infarction.

2. Malnutrition, mental and psychological effects, drinking and smoking. Smoking, drinking, and even drug use in women are all high-risk factors for miscarriage.