What is Breast Fibroids

The ovaries are the reproductive organs that secrete estrogen in women. Estrogen receptors are distributed throughout the body, affecting all aspects of the female body, including the breasts. Imbalanced estrogen secretion is the cause of breast fibroids, and the high-incidence age group for breast fibroids is 16-25 years old. Because there is no pain and the patients are not aware of breast care, the tumors are already quite large by the time they are discovered. Fibroids are quite dangerous and need to be discovered and treated promptly.

Breast fibroadenoma is a benign tumor composed of a mixture of glandular epithelium and fibrous tissue. It is common in young women and is related to an imbalance in sex hormone levels in the patient's body. Fibroadenomas that occur in a very small number during adolescence can rapidly increase in size within a short period of time, with a diameter of up to 8 to 10 cm. These are called giant fibroadenomas and are still benign tumors. It is extremely rare for fibroadenoma to transform into fibrosarcoma or breast cancer, less than 1%.

Cause: The ovaries are overactive, the estrogen level is too high, and the regulation is unbalanced. In addition, the patient is sensitive to estrogen. Under the long-term stimulation of estrogen, the breast epithelial tissue and fibrous tissue proliferate excessively, the structure becomes disordered, and a tumor is formed. Since breast fibroadenoma is related to vigorous secretion of sex hormones, it mostly occurs in young women and is rare in women before menstruation or after menopause.

Clinical manifestations: mainly painless breast lumps, rarely accompanied by breast pain or nipple discharge. Lumps are often discovered accidentally, while bathing, or during a physical examination. Most lumps are single, but they can also be multiple, or they can be felt in both breasts simultaneously or successively. Most of them are round or oval, with a diameter of 1 to 3 cm, but there are also smaller or larger ones, and occasionally huge ones. The boundaries are clear, the edges are neat, the surface is smooth, elastic, there is no tenderness, the range of motion is large, and there is no adhesion to the skin.

Inspection method:

1. Color Doppler Ultrasound

It can display the structures of each layer of the breast and the shape, size and echo condition of the mass. Breast fibroadenomas are mostly round or oval, uniformly hypoechoic masses on color Doppler ultrasound. Smooth and clear capsule echoes are often visible. The echo behind the mass is normal or slightly enhanced. Lateral acoustic shadows can be seen, and coarse calcifications accompanied by acoustic shadows can be seen inside the mass. Color Doppler showed no blood flow signal or only a small amount of blood flow signal in the mass, and RI < 0.7.

2. Mammography

Adolescent girls with dense breasts are not suitable for mammography. In breast X-rays of middle-aged women and above, fibroadenomas appear as round or oval masses, or lobed masses, with a diameter of 1 to 3 cm and smooth and clear edges. Compared with normal glands of the same volume, the masses have equal or slightly higher density and may be surrounded by a low-density halo. Calcification can be seen in some lesions. Calcification is mostly located in the center or edge of the tumor and is mostly coarse granular, dendritic or spotted. It can also merge into large masses, occupying most or all of the tumor, which is different from the clustered sand-like calcification foci of breast cancer.

3. Breast lesion biopsy

For breast lumps that are difficult to identify based on medical history, physical examination, or imaging examination, a biopsy or surgical resection can be performed for histopathological examination to confirm the diagnosis.

diagnosis:

The breasts are located on the surface of the body, and typical breast fibroadenomas are relatively easy to diagnose. Adolescent females may accidentally or during a physical examination discover a painless breast lump of 1 to 3 cm, round or oval, with no adhesions to the surrounding area, great mobility, and a sense of slippage when palpated; it grows slowly and is unrelated to the menstrual cycle; clinically, it may be considered a breast fibroadenoma. However, after pregnancy, especially in postmenopausal women, if a painless lump is found in the breast, you should be vigilant and not easily diagnose it as breast fibroadenoma. You should use imaging examinations to make a differential diagnosis and, if necessary, confirm the diagnosis based on pathological histological examination.

treat:

1. Close observation and regular follow-up

2. Surgical Resection