Breast suspensory ligament rupture picture

Suspensory ligament of the breast: also known as Cooper's tendon, it is a bundle of fibers connecting the skin and the fascia of the pectoralis major muscle. A fiber optic connection that is connected to the pectoral fascia at one end and to the breast skin at the other end. It can keep the mammary gland in a certain position, provide a certain degree of mobility in the subcutaneous tissue, and will not relax significantly when standing up. When breast cancer occurs, the diseased tissue invades the tendon and causes it to shrink, resulting in indentations on the surface of the tumor and producing an atypical "dimple sign."

Suspensory ligament rupture of breast

First, let’s talk about the suspensory ligament of the breast. Its function is to stabilize and support the mammary gland. It is mainly distributed inside the mammary gland, connecting the skin of the mammary gland and the deep muscle fascia of the superficial layer of the mammary gland.

Second, rupture of the suspensory ligament of the breast occurs. This condition is relatively rare and is most commonly caused by trauma. Generally, this condition occurs on the surface of the skin and will cause traumatic symptoms such as gaps or punctures.

Third, surgical treatment is required once the diagnosis is confirmed.

Fourth, general conditions will not cause rupture of the suspensory ligament of the breast. The condition you think should be diagnosed with breast sagging, and the basis for diagnosis is a breast B-ultrasound.

According to the location where it emerges from the mammary duct and ends, it can be divided into the following four parts: the part that passes through the superficial fascia from the superficial surface of the mammary duct to the skin. The tendon is cord-like or cone-like, and is divided into the nipple part, the upper part and the lower half. The tendons of the nipple are thin and numerous, tightly connected to it, with more tendons in the upper part and fewer in the lower part. Observation under a microscope revealed that the fibroblasts in the suspensory ligament of the breast were numerous and thick, and their arrangement was inseparable. The fourth part is the Cooper tendon that extends around the edge of the mammary base material, which is called the mammary marginal tendon. Part of the breast peripheral tendon passes through the superficial fascia and connects to the skin in the shallow groove around the breast body. The other part is added to the superficial fascia and the combination of the shallow and deep layers. The tendons around the breast are cord-like. Thick and thick, it is divided into upper and lower suspensory tendons and medial and lateral suspensory tendons according to its position. Its function is to limit excessive movement of the breast. The upper suspensory tendon is a part of the thickened connective tissue at the upper edge of the breast, which is adhered to the pectoralis major muscle fascia.

The lower suspensory tendon is added to the inframammary fold tendon to form an arch shape, which is attached to the myofascia of the pectoralis major muscle at the origin of the costal arch. The medial suspensory tendon is attached to the myofascia of the pectoralis major at the origin of the 2nd to 5th costal cartilages on the scapula. The suspensory tendons on both sides are adhered to the marginal muscle fascia of the pectoralis major muscle and suspended on the clavicle muscle fascia for training. Microscopic observation revealed that the fibroblasts in the mammary peripheral tendons were numerous but thin and closely arranged. Cooper's tendon extends from the lower edge of the mammary duct. One part folds upward and becomes thicker, flat and wide strip. They each insert into the deep muscle fascia of the 5th, 6th rib and the 5th intercostal space. These tendons are called inframammary fold tendons. The tendons that run from the deep side of the mammary duct, i.e. the bottom edge, and end at the deep layer of the superficial fascia and the pectoral fascia are thin and sparse and cross vertically the retromammary space, dividing the retromammary space into narrower cells, some of which are filled with fat.

The fibrous septa of the superficial fascia are embedded with fat or fat masses. The thickness of the fat layer is thinner at the nipple, thicker near the mammary gland floor, and then continuous with fat toward the periphery.

The fat between the superficial and deep double layers of chemical fibers of the superficial fascia forms the muscle fascia capsule in which the breast is enclosed. The superficial and deep double layers of the muscle fascia capsule are connected around the breast base, and after connection, they are connected with the superficial cervical fascia upwards, connected with the superficial abdominal fascia downwards, adhere to the scapula inwards, and connected with the deep muscle fascia around the midaxillary line to the sides. The deep surface is tightly adhered to the origin of the pectoralis major, the serratus anterior, the edge of the pectoralis major, and the clavicle muscle fascia. The deep layer of the superficial fascia is thinner than the superficial part, and the fibers are tightly adhered to the pectoral fascia. There is loose connective tissue between the breast matrix, in which the amount of fat varies.