Can't do strenuous exercise? Retinal tears? People with high myopia should not ignore this checkup every year

Many people think

The consequence of myopia is that you can't see clearly.

Just get the right glasses

Even if the degree increases

Just a new pair of glasses

However, when myopia increases

Developing into high myopia

The damage to the eyes is unbearable

When the eyeball is relaxed, if the myopia degree is ≥ 600 degrees , it is considered high myopia.

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High myopia is the result of the combined effects of genetic and environmental factors.

Genetic factors

If one of the parents is severely myopic, the child's risk of developing high myopia increases by 2.99 times; if both parents are severely myopic, the child's risk of developing high myopia increases by 10.74 times.

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But it doesn't mean that if the mother and father are highly myopic, the child will definitely be myopic, but the possibility is higher . During the growth and development of the child, if you pay attention to prevention and protection, you can also maintain normal vision.

Environmental factors

**Excessive use of the eyes at close range, too little time spent on outdoor activities, incorrect writing posture, too long use of electronic products, unbalanced nutritional diet...** may all cause the degree of myopia to increase rapidly!

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The axial length of the eye of people with high myopia will grow, the posterior wall of the eyeball will be forced to expand backwards, and the structure of the eyeball wall will become thinner. It can be imagined as blowing up a balloon. The more you blow the balloon, the bigger it becomes, but it also becomes thinner and more fragile.

In addition to damaging vision, high myopia may also cause other hazards:

Retinal detachment

As the axial length of the eye increases, the retina may become thinner and develop areas of degeneration, which are prone to holes and the development of retinal detachment.

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Macular degeneration

High myopia may lead to pathological changes in the retina in the macular area, such as macular hole, epiretinal membrane or macular schisis.

In addition, high myopia may cause the growth of new blood vessels under the retina, which are very prone to rupture and bleed, leading to macular hemorrhage and macular degeneration.

cataract

High myopia may change the metabolism of the lens, causing the lens to gradually become cloudy and increasing the risk of cataracts.

glaucoma

High myopia can easily cause increased intraocular pressure and increase the risk of glaucoma.

Vitreous degeneration

The growth of the eye axis may lead to vitreous liquefaction, increased mobility, and the appearance of floaters. In severe cases, it may induce retinal detachment.

1

Regular inspection

It is recommended that friends with high myopia have an eye examination every six months, especially a fundus examination , so as to detect and treat retinal problems in a timely manner.

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If you see dark shadows, flashing lights, or decreased vision in front of your eyes , go to the hospital immediately to check whether you have retinal tears, detachment, or other problems.

2

Avoid strenuous and high-impact activities

Friends with severe myopia are advised not to participate in intense and high-impact activities such as skydiving, diving, bungee jumping, and roller coasters. They should also try to avoid eye concussions and reduce heavy physical labor in their daily lives.

But not being able to do strenuous exercise does not mean not being able to exercise. You can still do general aerobic exercise such as walking, jogging, yoga, etc.

3

Maintain good eye habits

Try not to read or use electronic devices for a long time. It is recommended to take a break every once in a while and look into the distance. You can also do more outdoor activities in your daily life.

4

Proper nutritional supplementation

Eat less sugar and high carbohydrates, and supplement vitamins and trace elements in moderation, such as vitamin A, B complex, calcium, chromium, zinc, etc.

You who read this article

Remember to take a break and look out the window

Good for eyes

Statement: This article is a medical-related educational popular science article. It does not involve specific treatment methods or medical behaviors and cannot replace hospital visits.

Experts who reviewed this article

References

[1] Chinese Medical Association Ophthalmology Branch Optometry Group, Chinese Medical Association Ophthalmology Branch Optometry Committee, Chinese Association of Non-public Medical Institutions Ophthalmology Committee Optometry Group, etc. Expert consensus on high myopia prevention and control (2023) [J]. Chinese Journal of Optometry and Visual Science, 2023, 25(6): 401-407. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20230509-00147.

[2] Jia Ding, Qu Jia. Research progress on the etiology of high myopia[J]. Journal of Optometry, 2003, 5(2): 123-125.

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