Two major infectious factors in gastric precancerous lesions

Gastric cancer, as a common cancer, is a complex process in which some specific infectious factors play a key role. Today, we will take a closer look at the two major infectious factors that are closely related to gastric cancer precancerous lesions.

Helicobacter pylori (Hp): H. pylori is a common bacteria that infects the stomach. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), this bacterium is clearly listed as a Class I carcinogen for human gastric cancer. This means that it is directly related to the occurrence of gastric cancer. When people are infected with H. pylori, their risk of developing chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) increases significantly. And chronic atrophic gastritis happens to be an important stage in the development of gastric cancer. In my country, about 26.69% of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis are infected with H. pylori.

Epstein-Barr virus: Epstein-Barr virus is associated with a variety of malignant tumors and has been identified as a carcinogen. In my country, about 10% of gastric cancers are associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. In recent years, studies have shown that the expression of Epstein-Barr virus in the mucosa of chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia is much higher than that in chronic superficial gastritis and normal gastric mucosal tissue. This means that Epstein-Barr virus may play a role in the early stages of gastric cancer formation.

In addition, intestinal microbiota and some specific bacterial infections are also believed to be related to precancerous lesions. Some gastric microbiota and Helicobacter pylori may work synergistically to promote the occurrence of gastric cancer.

In order to reduce the risk of stomach cancer, we should pay attention to the prevention and control of these two infectious factors. Regular examinations and early detection and treatment of these infections are the key to preventing stomach cancer. At the same time, establishing healthy living habits, such as maintaining good diet and hygiene habits, can also help reduce the risk of infection.