What are the symptoms of bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginitis (BV) is a mixed infection caused by Gardnerella and some Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the vagina, which causes an imbalance in the diversity of female vaginal microorganisms, resulting in increased female secretions, fishy odor of secretions, and itchy and hot vulva. It can be divided into Haemophilus vaginitis, Corynebacterium vaginitis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaginitis, Gardnerella vaginitis, etc. The disease can also be transmitted through sexual intercourse, and its prevalence is higher in groups with disordered sexual behavior. Acid-fast staining of the secretion material can reveal a large number of pus balls and find pathogens.

Causes of bacterial vaginitis

1. Indirect contact infection

Touching toilets, bathtubs, bathroom seats, cotton towels in public toilets that are infected with fungi, and using unclean handkerchiefs can all lead to infection.

2. Sexual transmission

It is one of the causes of the disease. Among women with symptoms, at least 10% of men have bacterial urethritis.

3. Taking a lot of antibiotics

Antibiotics change the microenvironment in the vagina, causing pathogenic bacteria to multiply and causing local bacterial vaginitis.

4. Too much attention to hygiene

In order to maintain hygiene, some women often use medicinal lotions to douche the vagina, which can easily destroy the acid and alkali environment in the vagina and easily cause bacterial vaginitis.

Clinical symptoms of bacterial vaginitis

10% to 50% of patients have no symptoms. Those with symptoms report grayish-white discharge with a fishy smell, vaginal burning and itching.

This patient is mostly pregnant women, with a slow onset and no obvious active symptoms, which are manifested by excessive leucorrhea. Female secretion examination has the following characteristics: blood pressure pH detection value is 5.0-5.5, which is higher than normal. The blood secretion is dark gray or light green, homogeneous, with a paste-like consistency, and may contain bubbles. Supplemented with a foul smell like rotten fish. The stench of bad breath in women worsens after menstruation or sexual intercourse, and the sexual organs of their sexual partners may also emit the same foul odor. People infected with Trichomonas or Trichomonas may experience vulvar itching, vaginal burning sensation, or pain during sexual intercourse.

This disease can often be combined with other vaginal genital tract infections, and its clinical symptoms may vary due to the influence of complications. When combined with Chlamydia infection, female secretions are mainly manifested as obvious pus and urethral irritation symptoms such as urinary pain and difficulty urinating may occur; when combined with Trichomonas infection, sticky female secretions may appear, and the itching may increase and become itchy; when combined with Trichomonas infection, female secretions may appear as thin skin water or tofu-like leucorrhea.

Bacterial infection vaginitis test

1. Acid-fast staining smear

Acid-fast staining of the aliquots can be used to look for Gardnerella, which is squamous epithelial cells with a large number of Gardnerella bacteria attached to the surface. The characteristic is that the surface of the squamous epithelial cells is rough or has fine particles. The bacteria are spherical streptococci that are Gram-negative.

2. Amine Experiment

Take a drop of 10% ferric chloride solution and add it to female secretions. You can smell a "fishy" ammonia release. Due to the high amine content in the secretion, it can release nitrogen dioxide when it comes into contact with alkali.

3. Shaping

After separation and then shaping, we can see the bacteria with a diameter of 0.5mm, circular, opaque and smooth surface.

4. Biochemical method

Vaginal secretions were taken for biochemical measurements. Normal women had high lactate levels and low succinate levels, while the values ​​for women with this disease were just the opposite.