What are the symptoms of irregular menstruation

Menstrual disorders, also known as irregular menstruation, are common gynecological diseases, mainly manifested by abnormal menstrual cycles or bleeding, which may be accompanied by abdominal pain before menstruation and during menstruation and systemic symptoms. The cause of the disease may be organic disease or functional disorder. The main manifestations are the following types of conditions with disturbances in the menstrual cycle or bleeding:

1. Irregular uterine bleeding

This is a clinical manifestation, which actually includes: excessive menstruation or prolonged menstruation or spotting bleeding. It is more common in uterine fibroids, uterine intrauterine polyps, endometriosis and other medical conditions or abnormal uterine bleeding due to imbalanced function.

2. Abnormal uterine bleeding due to imbalance of action

It refers to abnormal uterine bleeding caused by an imbalance in the endocrine regulation system without any obvious organic diseases in the internal and external sexual organs. It is the most common type of menstrual disorder and is more common in puberty and menopause. It is divided into two categories: ovulatory and anovulatory, and about 85% of the cases are anovulatory functional uterine bleeding.

3. Amenorrhea

It is a common gynecological disease and can be caused by a variety of different reasons. Amenorrhea is generally divided into two types: primary and secondary. Anyone who has not had sex after the age of 18 is called primary amenorrhea; if a girl's menstruation stops for more than 6 months at any time after her first menstruation and before normal menopause (except during pregnancy or breastfeeding), it is called secondary amenorrhea.

4. Menopause

Menopause means the cessation of menstruation, which means the cessation of menstruation for more than 12 months. However, women often experience changes in their menstrual cycle and menstrual volume during menopause. The main manifestations are a reduction in the menstrual cycle, dominated by a reduction in the follicular phase, anovulation and increased menstrual flow.

Causes

1. Abnormal mentality causes menstrual disorders

Mental abnormalities, such as long-term mental depression, tension and anxiety, or severe mental stimulation and psychological trauma, can cause menstrual disorders or dysmenorrhea, or amenorrhea. This is because menstruation is caused by the action of hormones secreted by the uterus and ovaries on the uterine wall. The secretion of hormones by the uterus and ovaries is controlled by the hormones released by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Therefore, any abnormality in the function of the uterus and ovaries, pituitary gland, or hypothalamus will affect menstruation.

2. Cold stimulation causes oligomenorrhea or even amenorrhea

During women's menstrual period, severe cold stimulation will cause the blood vessels in the pelvis to contract excessively, which can lead to oligomenorrhea or even amenorrhea. Therefore, women should pay attention to preventing cold and moisture during their menstrual period in their daily life.

3. Dieting to lose weight causes irregular menstruation

Girls need body fat to account for at least 17% of their body weight to experience menarche, and body fat should reach at least 22% of their body weight to maintain a normal menstrual cycle. Excessive dieting to lose weight will cause the body to consume a lot of body fat and protein due to insufficient energy intake, resulting in obstruction of estrogen production and a significant deficiency, affecting menarche, and even causing scant menstruation or amenorrhea. Therefore, ladies who pursue a slender figure should not blindly follow the trend of dieting to lose weight.

4. Alcohol and smoking cause menstrual disorders

Some components and ethanol in tobacco can affect the physiological processes related to menstruation and cause menstrual disorders. Among women who smoke and drink too much, 25% to 32% go to the hospital for treatment due to menstrual disorders. Among women who smoke more than one pack of cigarettes a day or drink more than 100 ml of strong liquor, the number of those with menstrual disorders is three times that of women who smoke and drink. Therefore, women should not smoke and drink less.