What are the six female hormones?

There are a large number of different types of female hormones in women's bodies. When women undergo physical examinations in the hospital, they generally have to undergo six hormone tests. The six hormone items are six different hormones in the female body. By testing six hormone levels, it is possible to determine whether there are any problems inside a woman. It is best not to perform six hormone tests during your menstrual period as the results will be inaccurate. So, what are the six female hormones?

1. Six major hormones in women

1. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): It is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the alkaliphilic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Its main function is the development and maturation of ovarian follicles. Low FSH values ​​are seen during estrogen and progesterone treatment, while high FSH values ​​are seen in premature ovarian failure, primary amenorrhea, etc.

2. Luteinizing hormone (LH): The main function is to promote ovulation and form corpus luteum to secrete hormone. The blood LH concentration is 2-15U/L before ovulation and 20-100U/L during ovulation. If FSH increases LH, ovarian failure is certain. LH/FSH>=3 is one of the bases for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome.

3. Prolactin (PR1): The main function is to promote breast hyperplasia, milk production and milk discharge. During the non-lactation period, the normal value of blood PR1 is 0.08-0.92nmol/L. A level higher than 1.0 nmol/L is considered hyperprolactinemia.

4. Estradiol (E2): secreted by the ovarian follicles. The main function is to make the endometrial glands grow into the proliferative stage. The concentration of blood E2 is 48-52lpmol/L during the ovulation period, 370-1835pmol/L during the ovulation period, and 272-793pmol/L in the postovulation period.

5. Progesterone (P): secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary. The main function is to promote the transition of the endometrium from the proliferative phase to the secretory phase. 7.6-97.6nmol/L in late ovulation period. Low blood P value in the late ovulation period is seen in luteal insufficiency and ovulatory uterine dysfunction bleeding.

6. Testosterone (T): The main function of testosterone in women is to promote the development of the clitoris, labia and mons pubis, have an antagonistic effect on androgens, and have a certain impact on systemic metabolism. Female plasma testosterone levels between 0.7-2.1nmol/L and high T values ​​can cause female infertility.

2. Precautions for the six estrogen tests

1. If you have menstrual cycle disorders, amenorrhea, abnormal genital bleeding, gynecological tumors, etc., you need to have six sex hormone tests routinely.

2. Sex hormone drugs (including progesterone and estrogen) should not be used at least one month before checking basic sex hormones, otherwise the results will be unreliable (except when sex hormones need to be rechecked after treatment). Sex hormones can be checked at any time during menstruation, as the normal values ​​for each period are different.

3. When diagnosing and treating infertility, you must understand the basic hormone level. First, you should choose to check on the 2nd to 5th day of menstruation, which is called the basic hormone level. It is best to measure on the 3rd day. To confirm that it is the third day of menstruation, it is sufficient to check 5 sex hormones. Progesterone test is not necessary, as it should be tested during the luteal phase (21 days after menstruation or 7 days after ovulation). However, it is not certain whether vaginal bleeding is menstruation, and 6 items should be checked to prevent misdiagnosis.