What is the hysteroscopy procedure like?

Hysteroscopy is currently a very advanced examination method. This examination method has many advantages. First of all, it can be observed from multiple angles, and the examination process is more intuitive. In addition, the body recovers quickly after hysteroscopy, and only a short hospitalization time is required to recover. The burden on patients will be greatly reduced. The following will introduce the detailed process of hysteroscopy.

Hysteroscopy procedure:

The hysteroscopy procedure is as follows:

1. Dilate the cervix to the required size, insert the hysteroscope into the internal cervical os along the uterine cavity, and inject 5% glucose solution into the uterine cavity at the same time. Rinse it clean, and then drip glucose solution into the uterine cavity to dilate the uterus.

2. After the uterine cavity is fully dilated, the hysteroscope can be used to observe the morphology and endometrium of the cavity. The hysteroscope should be rotated to check various parts of the uterine cavity in sequence, and finally the cervical canal should be checked, and then the cervix should be slowly withdrawn. A glucose drip must be maintained during the examination.

3. Tissue biopsy, foreign body removal, etc. can be performed through the operating channel of the laparoscope.

What are the precautions for hysteroscopy?

Before the test

1. Hysteroscopy is generally best performed 3-7 days after the menstruation ends.

2. Sexual intercourse is prohibited 3 days after menstruation or before surgery.

3. You can hold your urine for a while before the operation to facilitate B-ultrasound monitoring during the operation.

4. Preoperative examinations include: infectious disease examination (HBsAg, HIV, HCV, RPR), liver function test, renal function test, electrocardiogram, routine blood and urine tests, four coagulation tests, and routine leucorrhea test.

After the inspection

1. Sexual intercourse and bathing are prohibited for one month after the operation.

2. Rest for at least 1 week after surgery.

3. Give appropriate oral antibiotics after surgery.

4. If you have excessive vaginal bleeding, come to the hospital for treatment at any time.

5. There may be a small amount of vaginal bleeding within 2 months after hysteroscopic electroresection, and normal menstruation will not occur until the third month.

6. Go to the hospital to obtain the pathology results and follow-up consultation one week after the operation.

Side effects of hysteroscopy

1. Injury

1. Excessive traction and dilation of the cervix may cause cervical injury or bleeding.

2. Uterine perforation: The rate of uterine perforation in diagnostic hysteroscopy is about 4%. Severe intrauterine adhesions, scarred uterus, excessive anteversion or retroflexion of the uterus, after cervical surgery, atrophic uterus, and lactating uterus are all prone to uterine perforation. Sometimes the perforation is not detected and the surgical procedure continues, which may cause serious intestinal damage. Perforation often occurs at the fundus of the uterus. Laparoscopic monitoring can also reduce the incidence of perforation.

2. Bleeding: There is usually a small amount of vaginal bleeding after hysteroscopy, which usually stops within a week. Hysteroscopic surgery may cause excessive bleeding due to excessive cutting, poor uterine contractions, or incomplete hemostasis during the operation. Bleeding can be stopped with an electrocoagulator or by compression with a Foley catheter for 6 to 8 hours. 3. The infection rate is low. Knowing the indications and contraindications, using antibiotics appropriately before and after surgery, and strictly disinfecting instruments can avoid the occurrence of infection.

4. Complications caused by uterine distension

Excessive absorption of distending fluid is a common complication during uterine distension, which often occurs during hysteroscopic surgery and is related to excessive distension pressure and a large area of ​​endometrial damage. If the operation lasts too long, it may easily lead to excessive absorption, resulting in excessive blood volume and hyponatremia, causing a series of systemic symptoms, and in severe cases, death. Using carbon dioxide as a uterine inflation medium can lead to serious complications or even death if the inflation speed is too fast. Currently, a dedicated inflation device is used, and the inflation speed is controlled at 100ml/min to avoid the occurrence of complications. Carbon dioxide uterine distension causes postoperative shoulder pain, which is caused by carbon dioxide stimulating the diaphragm.